Benedict Spinoza: Heretic, Lens Grinder, and God as Substance

Based on a video lecture. Video lecture: YouTube On April 24, 1929, Albert Einstein received a telegram from New York rabbi Herbert S. Goldstein, and the question was direct: “Do you believe in God? Stop. Answer paid. Fifty words.” Einstein used fewer than half his allotted words: “I believe in Spinoza’s God who reveals himself in the orderly harmony of what exists, not in a God who concerns himself with the fates and actions of human beings.” ...

March 2023 · Nikita Obraztsov